環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號
經費年度	108
計畫經費	2,900 千元
預算科目	固定污染源管制
專案開始日期	2020/01/01
專案結束日期	2020/12/31
專案主持人	王介亨
主辦單位	環檢所
承辦人	陳滄欽
執行單位	錦雲技術開發有限公司
專案分類	環境監測及檢測
中文關鍵字	現上質譜連續監測、擴散式採樣、有機空氣污染物
英文關鍵字	Online-GCMS, Diffusive sampling , organic air pollutants
協同主持人
共同主持人
計畫聯絡人	王介亨
計畫聯絡電話	03-4205633#
計畫聯絡信箱	chwang1110@gmail.com

中文摘要	現地質譜的部分以NIEA A715.15B標準方法為基礎，透過Online TD-GC/MS監測周界環境中有害空氣污染物 (Hazardous air pollutants, HAPs)，開發現地質譜監測調查技術。以最佳化條件進行三場污染物現地調查工作，將監測數據與採樣罐離線式方式、PTR-MS及光化測站進行平行比對，交互驗證Online TD-GC/MS方法的可靠性及正確性。監測期間捕捉到特殊事件，於甲地觀察到氯乙烯出現高值時，也會伴隨著1,2-二氯乙烷，推測排放來源可能來自氯乙烯工廠。於丙地也測得丙酮、2-丁酮與甲苯，這些物種皆與聚氨基甲酸脂 (Polyurethane, PU) 合成皮製程息息相關，可能由塑膠製造業所排放。由此可知連續監測數據為追朔污染源的重要依據。依長期的操作經驗不斷地調整與優化方法，其中發現若使用6 mm Drawout plate能獲得更好的性能，改善儀器的穩定性，提高數據有效率，使連續監測時間可長達兩週。以Online TD-GC/MS方法長期監控HAPs的濃度，不但擁有即時捕捉高值的能力，且能對環境中未知物進行鑑定，經由三種方法進行平行比對，數據具備高度的可信度，於未來具有相當高的發展及應用性。擴散式採樣部分，本計畫針對1,1-二氯乙烷等物質，透過擴散式採樣監測周介環境中目標物種濃度之技術開發。係參考U.S. EPA Method 325A/B、ASTM、ISO等標準方法及相關勘載於—Atmospheric Environment、Science of the Total Environment等文獻之採樣技術。本計畫使用之儀器設備為自動化熱脫附儀、氣相層析質譜儀與質譜儀，其掃描模式為全離子掃描 (Total Ion Chromatogram, TIC)。採樣管採用Carbopack X與Carboxen 569進行實驗。本研究建立ㄧ暴露系統以進行分析物吸取速率 (Uptake rate) 之測定，並可調控溫濕度與標氣濃度，以求取在不同溫濕度條件下之吸取速率變化。本計畫已完成擴散式採樣技術所需之器材資源與方法規範，包含針對Carbopack X與Carboxen 569之個別適用之分析物。方法之吹拂條件應為900 mL。檢量線相關係數r值介於0.996至0.999。方法偵測極限方面，Carbopack X採樣管針對12目標物種介於0.20至0.45 ppb間；Carboxen 569採樣管針對9目標物種介於0.06至1.01 ppb之間。樣品保存之結果顯示Carbopack X採樣管針對12目標物種介於81.00%至125.22%間；Carboxen 569採樣管針對9目標物種介於73.89%至101.14%之間擴散式採樣後之採樣管樣品須保存於6oC環境中，並於7天內分析完畢。本研究透過線上連續監測及擴散式採樣周界環境中HAPs濃度，可即時捕捉環境突發高值外，亦可經低成本的擴散式長期採樣，搭配氣候資訊觀察濃度變化與排放行為之間的關係，藉此方式找出排放源頭。在針對周界環境進行監測的同時，亦可掌握排放端之是否正常運作，並提供相關健康風險的參考數據，達到多贏的局面，而本計畫建立之相關技術作業程序亦可供後續政策擬定參考。
中文關鍵字	現上質譜連續監測、擴散式採樣、有機空氣污染物

中文摘要

現地質譜的部分以NIEA A715.15B標準方法為基礎，透過Online TD-GC/MS監測周界環境中有害空氣污染物 (Hazardous air pollutants, HAPs)，開發現地質譜監測調查技術。以最佳化條件進行三場污染物現地調查工作，將監測數據與採樣罐離線式方式、PTR-MS及光化測站進行平行比對，交互驗證Online TD-GC/MS方法的可靠性及正確性。監測期間捕捉到特殊事件，於甲地觀察到氯乙烯出現高值時，也會伴隨著1,2-二氯乙烷，推測排放來源可能來自氯乙烯工廠。於丙地也測得丙酮、2-丁酮與甲苯，這些物種皆與聚氨基甲酸脂 (Polyurethane, PU) 合成皮製程息息相關，可能由塑膠製造業所排放。由此可知連續監測數據為追朔污染源的重要依據。依長期的操作經驗不斷地調整與優化方法，其中發現若使用6 mm Drawout plate能獲得更好的性能，改善儀器的穩定性，提高數據有效率，使連續監測時間可長達兩週。以Online TD-GC/MS方法長期監控HAPs的濃度，不但擁有即時捕捉高值的能力，且能對環境中未知物進行鑑定，經由三種方法進行平行比對，數據具備高度的可信度，於未來具有相當高的發展及應用性。擴散式採樣部分，本計畫針對1,1-二氯乙烷等物質，透過擴散式採樣監測周介環境中目標物種濃度之技術開發。係參考U.S. EPA Method 325A/B、ASTM、ISO等標準方法及相關勘載於—Atmospheric Environment、Science of the Total Environment等文獻之採樣技術。本計畫使用之儀器設備為自動化熱脫附儀、氣相層析質譜儀與質譜儀，其掃描模式為全離子掃描 (Total Ion Chromatogram, TIC)。採樣管採用Carbopack X與Carboxen 569進行實驗。本研究建立ㄧ暴露系統以進行分析物吸取速率 (Uptake rate) 之測定，並可調控溫濕度與標氣濃度，以求取在不同溫濕度條件下之吸取速率變化。本計畫已完成擴散式採樣技術所需之器材資源與方法規範，包含針對Carbopack X與Carboxen 569之個別適用之分析物。方法之吹拂條件應為900 mL。檢量線相關係數r值介於0.996至0.999。方法偵測極限方面，Carbopack X採樣管針對12目標物種介於0.20至0.45 ppb間；Carboxen 569採樣管針對9目標物種介於0.06至1.01 ppb之間。樣品保存之結果顯示Carbopack X採樣管針對12目標物種介於81.00%至125.22%間；Carboxen 569採樣管針對9目標物種介於73.89%至101.14%之間擴散式採樣後之採樣管樣品須保存於6oC環境中，並於7天內分析完畢。本研究透過線上連續監測及擴散式採樣周界環境中HAPs濃度，可即時捕捉環境突發高值外，亦可經低成本的擴散式長期採樣，搭配氣候資訊觀察濃度變化與排放行為之間的關係，藉此方式找出排放源頭。在針對周界環境進行監測的同時，亦可掌握排放端之是否正常運作，並提供相關健康風險的參考數據，達到多贏的局面，而本計畫建立之相關技術作業程序亦可供後續政策擬定參考。

中文關鍵字

現上質譜連續監測、擴散式採樣、有機空氣污染物

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	期末報告(定稿).pdf	11MB	期末報告	2021/1/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	This project has completed the development of two methods to target selected hazoudous air pollutants (HAPs) in ambient air: 1. on-line thermal desorption mass spectrometry (on-line TD-GC/MS), 2. diffusive sampling. The new method of on-line TD-GC/MS is derived from NIEA A715.15B which is an off-line method. By adopting the previously established experimental parameters and QA/QC requirements, the hourly filed monitoring data from on-line TD-GC/MS were compared with the caninster data based on NIEA A715.15B, as well as the real-time data of PTR-MS and PAMS to validate reliability and accuracy of the new method. . During the monitoring period, pollution events were also effectively captured. We observed two pollution incidents. In the first field campaign, vinyl chloride and 1,2-dichloroethane exhibited similar concentration variations to suggest the emissions may come from the PVC industry upwind. In the third campaign, we also found that acetone, 2-butanone and toluene showed similar trends to suggest a common source of a plastic factory such as polyurethane (PU). These field campaigns have sussessfully demonstrated the effectiveness of using on-line TD-GC/MS to detect pollution events and facilitate tracing emission sources. The success of the on-line TD-GC/MS technique came from constant optimization of various instrumental parameters and conditions. Over the course of optimization, constant revising operating procedures, adjusting the sample and internal standard injection volumes, dewatering and pre-concentration temperatures, the TD split ratio, the tuning method, etc., have all achived the desired improvements. However, the most remarkable one was the change of the diameter of the drawout plate from 3.0 mm to 6.0 mm which dramatically improved the data quality by 30%. The mothod of online TD-GC/MS not only can measure target HAPs with high accuracy at sub-ppbv level, but also can identify unknown organic pollutants in the ambient air. By validating this new method with three other differnet methods, we found comparable results to credit the overall reliablility and applicability of the new on-line method. In the diffusive sampling part, the main objective is to use diffusion sampling tubes to monitor the concentrations of 21 target compounds to obtain average concentrations over a relatively long period for the target HAPs. This studied method is largely based on the methods of U.S. EPA Method 325A/B, ASTM, ISO, as well as a number of published journal papers. The analytical technique is also based on TD-GC/MS, except that the method is used in an off-line mode. The most challenging work in the project is to design and set up an exposure chamber to provide constant temperature, relative humidity, and concentrations for establishing the uptake rates for target compounds in different environmental conditions. We found that the uptake rates in our experiment were in high agreement with those determined by the U.S. EPA Method 325B using Carbopack X as the sampling medium. However, in our experiment we adopted two kinds of commercialized adsorption tubes, Carbopack X and Carboxen 569, and found that for some target compounds the overall performance of Carboxen 569 was even superior to that of the Carbopack X. The correlation coefficients (r) range from 0.996 to 0.999. In terms of the method detection limits, the Carbopack X sampling tube ranges from 0.20 to 0.45 ppb for 12 target compounds, and the Carboxen 569 sampling tube ranges from 0.06 to 1.01 ppb for the other 9 target compounds. The stability of sample storage in 6oC for 7 days shows that the recoveries of the Carbopack X sampling tube are between 81.00% and 125.22% for 12 target compounds, whereas the recoveries of the Carboxen 569 sampling tube are between 73.89% and 101.14% for the other 9 target compounds. This project has successfully completed the two methods of on-line TD-GC/MS and diffusive sampling to effectively monitor selected organic HAPs in ambient air. The on-line TD-GC/MS method allows hourly measurements to capture pollution events and facilitate source investigation, whereas the diffusive sampling provides a low cost method to better assess health risk by simulating exposure over time.
英文關鍵字	Online-GCMS, Diffusive sampling , organic air pollutants

摘要

This project has completed the development of two methods to target selected hazoudous air pollutants (HAPs) in ambient air: 1. on-line thermal desorption mass spectrometry (on-line TD-GC/MS), 2. diffusive sampling. The new method of on-line TD-GC/MS is derived from NIEA A715.15B which is an off-line method. By adopting the previously established experimental parameters and QA/QC requirements, the hourly filed monitoring data from on-line TD-GC/MS were compared with the caninster data based on NIEA A715.15B, as well as the real-time data of PTR-MS and PAMS to validate reliability and accuracy of the new method. . During the monitoring period, pollution events were also effectively captured. We observed two pollution incidents. In the first field campaign, vinyl chloride and 1,2-dichloroethane exhibited similar concentration variations to suggest the emissions may come from the PVC industry upwind. In the third campaign, we also found that acetone, 2-butanone and toluene showed similar trends to suggest a common source of a plastic factory such as polyurethane (PU). These field campaigns have sussessfully demonstrated the effectiveness of using on-line TD-GC/MS to detect pollution events and facilitate tracing emission sources. The success of the on-line TD-GC/MS technique came from constant optimization of various instrumental parameters and conditions. Over the course of optimization, constant revising operating procedures, adjusting the sample and internal standard injection volumes, dewatering and pre-concentration temperatures, the TD split ratio, the tuning method, etc., have all achived the desired improvements. However, the most remarkable one was the change of the diameter of the drawout plate from 3.0 mm to 6.0 mm which dramatically improved the data quality by 30%. The mothod of online TD-GC/MS not only can measure target HAPs with high accuracy at sub-ppbv level, but also can identify unknown organic pollutants in the ambient air. By validating this new method with three other differnet methods, we found comparable results to credit the overall reliablility and applicability of the new on-line method. In the diffusive sampling part, the main objective is to use diffusion sampling tubes to monitor the concentrations of 21 target compounds to obtain average concentrations over a relatively long period for the target HAPs. This studied method is largely based on the methods of U.S. EPA Method 325A/B, ASTM, ISO, as well as a number of published journal papers. The analytical technique is also based on TD-GC/MS, except that the method is used in an off-line mode. The most challenging work in the project is to design and set up an exposure chamber to provide constant temperature, relative humidity, and concentrations for establishing the uptake rates for target compounds in different environmental conditions. We found that the uptake rates in our experiment were in high agreement with those determined by the U.S. EPA Method 325B using Carbopack X as the sampling medium. However, in our experiment we adopted two kinds of commercialized adsorption tubes, Carbopack X and Carboxen 569, and found that for some target compounds the overall performance of Carboxen 569 was even superior to that of the Carbopack X. The correlation coefficients (r) range from 0.996 to 0.999. In terms of the method detection limits, the Carbopack X sampling tube ranges from 0.20 to 0.45 ppb for 12 target compounds, and the Carboxen 569 sampling tube ranges from 0.06 to 1.01 ppb for the other 9 target compounds. The stability of sample storage in 6oC for 7 days shows that the recoveries of the Carbopack X sampling tube are between 81.00% and 125.22% for 12 target compounds, whereas the recoveries of the Carboxen 569 sampling tube are between 73.89% and 101.14% for the other 9 target compounds. This project has successfully completed the two methods of on-line TD-GC/MS and diffusive sampling to effectively monitor selected organic HAPs in ambient air. The on-line TD-GC/MS method allows hourly measurements to capture pollution events and facilitate source investigation, whereas the diffusive sampling provides a low cost method to better assess health risk by simulating exposure over time.

英文關鍵字

Online-GCMS, Diffusive sampling , organic air pollutants