環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	109D003
經費年度	109
計畫經費	3,600 千元
預算科目	科技發展-化學物質科學研究
專案開始日期	2020/01/22
專案結束日期	2020/12/31
專案主持人	白秀華
主辦單位	毒物及化學物質局
承辦人	張雅筑
執行單位	國立高雄大學
專案分類	化學物質管理
中文關鍵字	環境害蟲、殺蟲劑、生物檢測、抗藥性
英文關鍵字	environmental pests, insecticides, bioassay, resistance
協同主持人	徐爾烈
共同主持人
計畫聯絡人	張鈞詠
計畫聯絡電話	07-5919755#
計畫聯絡信箱	jimmy.anky@gmail.com

中文摘要	環境衛生病媒害蟲之防治首重環境衛生改善，治標的方式仍以殺蟲劑的緊急防治始能取得即時效果，成效的好壞有賴於對害蟲生態習性之瞭解、害蟲發生之監測、殺蟲劑的選擇及抗藥性的定期偵測，才能規劃正確的綜合防治方法，本研究團隊於 106 年完成臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲：病媒蚊、蠅類、蟑螂、蛾蚋、臭蟲、塵蟎之種類及密度調查，並建立試驗族群；107 年完成臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲：病媒蚊、蠅類、蟑螂、蛾蚋、臭蟲對 10 種常用藥劑成分 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧、第滅寧、陶斯松、撲滅松、亞特松、安丹、芬普尼及益達胺) 之感藥性調查及完成病媒害蟲感藥性測試；108 年以 107 年建立之各環境衛害蟲族群之感藥性資料為依據，完成常用市售殺蟲劑之檢測。　　本計畫 109 年以已建立之臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲之鑑識劑量 (濃度)，進行各病媒害蟲族群 (2 種病媒蚊、2 種蟑螂、2 種蠅類及 1 種蛾蚋)，對常用藥劑成分 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧、第滅寧、陶斯松、撲滅松、亞特松、安丹、芬普尼及益達胺) 之廣範圍快速抗藥性分析及交互抗性研究；及建立臭蟲於不同材質之防治技術方法，結果顯示，白線斑蚊僅前鎮區品系對亞特松有抗藥性。而埃及斑蚊 5 個野外品系 (大寮區、鼓山區、前鎮區、楠梓區及三民區品系)，除了鼓山區品系對治滅寧可能有抗藥性及楠梓區品系對治滅寧無抗藥性，對百滅寧可能有抗藥性以外，5 個野外品系對 4 種除蟲菊酯類殺蟲劑 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧及第滅寧) 呈現交互抗性；5 個野外品系，除了鼓山區品系對撲滅松無抗藥性及楠梓區品系對撲滅松無抗藥性，對亞特松可能有抗藥性以外，5 個野外品系對 3 種有機磷類殺蟲劑 (陶斯松、撲滅松及亞特松) 呈現交互抗性；5 個野外品系對胺基甲酸鹽類殺蟲劑 (安丹) 皆無抗藥性；大寮區及前鎮區品系對芬普尼有抗藥性；前鎮區及三民區品系對益達胺有抗藥性；顯示埃及斑蚊對除蟲菊酯類、有機磷類及其他類殺蟲劑 (芬普尼及益達胺) 呈現多重抗性。　　美洲蟑螂 5 個野外品系對 10 種常用藥劑成分皆無抗藥性，德國蟑螂僅前鎮區品系對百滅寧呈現抗藥性。而普通家蠅 5 個野外品系 (員林市、二林鎮、竹塘鄉、彰化市及溪湖鎮品系) 對 10 種常用藥劑成分均呈現抗藥性；普通家蠅 5 個野外品系對 4 種除蟲菊酯類 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧及第滅寧) 呈現交互抗性，同時對 3 種有機磷類 (陶斯松、撲滅松及亞特松) 亦呈現交互抗性；對除蟲菊酯類、有機磷類、胺基甲酸鹽類 (安丹) 及其他類殺蟲劑 (芬普尼及益達安) 呈現多重抗性。大頭金蠅除了員林市品系對賽滅寧無抗藥性、彰化市品系對治滅寧可能有抗藥性及溪湖鎮品系對賽滅寧可能有抗藥性以外，5 個野外品系對 3 種除蟲菊酯類殺蟲劑 (賽滅寧、治滅寧及百滅寧) 呈現交互抗性；員林市及二林鎮品系對陶斯松有抗藥性，5 個野外品系對 3 種有機磷類殺蟲劑 (陶斯松、撲滅松及亞特松) 無交互抗性；5 個野外品系對益達胺有抗藥性；顯示大頭金蠅員林市及二林鎮品系對除蟲菊酯類、有機磷類及其他類殺蟲劑 (益達胺) 呈現多重抗性，竹塘鄉、彰化市及溪湖鎮品系對除蟲菊酯類及其他類殺蟲劑 (益達胺) 呈現多重抗性。白斑蛾蚋5 個野外品系對 10 種常用藥劑成分皆無抗藥性。　　建立臭蟲於不同材質之防治技術方法，檢測乳劑 (第滴寧 2.8% w/w) 於 4 種不同材質 (木板、磁磚、塑膠墊及毛毯) 防治臭蟲之結果，乳劑於磁磚及塑膠墊 (噴灑藥劑經 3小時晾乾後進行檢測) 之殺蟲效果皆達環保署環境衛生用藥許可證登記防治性能之藥效檢測結果審查基準，且殘效時間可長達 14 日；於毛毯 (噴灑藥劑經 30 分鐘晾乾後進行檢測) 之殺蟲效果達藥效檢測結果審查基準，且殘效時間可達 7 日；於木板 (噴灑藥劑經 30 分鐘晾乾後進行檢測) 之殺蟲效果未達藥效檢測結果審查基準，且不具殘效效果，於木板噴灑藥劑後馬上進行檢測，殺蟲效果達藥效檢測結果審查基準。臭蟲躲藏之環境材質表面，如材質較易吸收藥劑 (如木板)，則建議採直接噴灑防治，而毛毯需縮短再次噴灑藥劑間隔時間。　　本研究以鑑識劑量 (濃度) 對環境害蟲進行廣範圍快速抗藥性分析，可快速得知野外品系之環境害蟲對殺蟲劑是否呈現抗藥性，藉以推估防治時適用之殺蟲劑種類及其劑量，確保疫情發生時，可正確挑選所使用的殺蟲劑，以達防治之時效性，同時避免殺蟲劑使用之浪費及環境污染等問題; 研究結果顯示部分環境衛生病媒害蟲對殺蟲劑已有抗藥性，建議暫停使用呈現抗藥性之殺蟲劑，輪替使用不同有效成分之殺蟲劑，並結合物理防治方法 (如填補隙縫、捕蠅紙、捕蚊燈等)，加強平時環境衛生、髒亂整頓及預防措施，以達有效之害蟲綜合管理。
中文關鍵字	環境害蟲、殺蟲劑、生物檢測、抗藥性

中文摘要

環境衛生病媒害蟲之防治首重環境衛生改善，治標的方式仍以殺蟲劑的緊急防治始能取得即時效果，成效的好壞有賴於對害蟲生態習性之瞭解、害蟲發生之監測、殺蟲劑的選擇及抗藥性的定期偵測，才能規劃正確的綜合防治方法，本研究團隊於 106 年完成臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲：病媒蚊、蠅類、蟑螂、蛾蚋、臭蟲、塵蟎之種類及密度調查，並建立試驗族群；107 年完成臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲：病媒蚊、蠅類、蟑螂、蛾蚋、臭蟲對 10 種常用藥劑成分 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧、第滅寧、陶斯松、撲滅松、亞特松、安丹、芬普尼及益達胺) 之感藥性調查及完成病媒害蟲感藥性測試；108 年以 107 年建立之各環境衛害蟲族群之感藥性資料為依據，完成常用市售殺蟲劑之檢測。　　本計畫 109 年以已建立之臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲之鑑識劑量 (濃度)，進行各病媒害蟲族群 (2 種病媒蚊、2 種蟑螂、2 種蠅類及 1 種蛾蚋)，對常用藥劑成分 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧、第滅寧、陶斯松、撲滅松、亞特松、安丹、芬普尼及益達胺) 之廣範圍快速抗藥性分析及交互抗性研究；及建立臭蟲於不同材質之防治技術方法，結果顯示，白線斑蚊僅前鎮區品系對亞特松有抗藥性。而埃及斑蚊 5 個野外品系 (大寮區、鼓山區、前鎮區、楠梓區及三民區品系)，除了鼓山區品系對治滅寧可能有抗藥性及楠梓區品系對治滅寧無抗藥性，對百滅寧可能有抗藥性以外，5 個野外品系對 4 種除蟲菊酯類殺蟲劑 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧及第滅寧) 呈現交互抗性；5 個野外品系，除了鼓山區品系對撲滅松無抗藥性及楠梓區品系對撲滅松無抗藥性，對亞特松可能有抗藥性以外，5 個野外品系對 3 種有機磷類殺蟲劑 (陶斯松、撲滅松及亞特松) 呈現交互抗性；5 個野外品系對胺基甲酸鹽類殺蟲劑 (安丹) 皆無抗藥性；大寮區及前鎮區品系對芬普尼有抗藥性；前鎮區及三民區品系對益達胺有抗藥性；顯示埃及斑蚊對除蟲菊酯類、有機磷類及其他類殺蟲劑 (芬普尼及益達胺) 呈現多重抗性。　　美洲蟑螂 5 個野外品系對 10 種常用藥劑成分皆無抗藥性，德國蟑螂僅前鎮區品系對百滅寧呈現抗藥性。而普通家蠅 5 個野外品系 (員林市、二林鎮、竹塘鄉、彰化市及溪湖鎮品系) 對 10 種常用藥劑成分均呈現抗藥性；普通家蠅 5 個野外品系對 4 種除蟲菊酯類 (賽滅寧、治滅寧、百滅寧及第滅寧) 呈現交互抗性，同時對 3 種有機磷類 (陶斯松、撲滅松及亞特松) 亦呈現交互抗性；對除蟲菊酯類、有機磷類、胺基甲酸鹽類 (安丹) 及其他類殺蟲劑 (芬普尼及益達安) 呈現多重抗性。大頭金蠅除了員林市品系對賽滅寧無抗藥性、彰化市品系對治滅寧可能有抗藥性及溪湖鎮品系對賽滅寧可能有抗藥性以外，5 個野外品系對 3 種除蟲菊酯類殺蟲劑 (賽滅寧、治滅寧及百滅寧) 呈現交互抗性；員林市及二林鎮品系對陶斯松有抗藥性，5 個野外品系對 3 種有機磷類殺蟲劑 (陶斯松、撲滅松及亞特松) 無交互抗性；5 個野外品系對益達胺有抗藥性；顯示大頭金蠅員林市及二林鎮品系對除蟲菊酯類、有機磷類及其他類殺蟲劑 (益達胺) 呈現多重抗性，竹塘鄉、彰化市及溪湖鎮品系對除蟲菊酯類及其他類殺蟲劑 (益達胺) 呈現多重抗性。白斑蛾蚋5 個野外品系對 10 種常用藥劑成分皆無抗藥性。　　建立臭蟲於不同材質之防治技術方法，檢測乳劑 (第滴寧 2.8% w/w) 於 4 種不同材質 (木板、磁磚、塑膠墊及毛毯) 防治臭蟲之結果，乳劑於磁磚及塑膠墊 (噴灑藥劑經 3小時晾乾後進行檢測) 之殺蟲效果皆達環保署環境衛生用藥許可證登記防治性能之藥效檢測結果審查基準，且殘效時間可長達 14 日；於毛毯 (噴灑藥劑經 30 分鐘晾乾後進行檢測) 之殺蟲效果達藥效檢測結果審查基準，且殘效時間可達 7 日；於木板 (噴灑藥劑經 30 分鐘晾乾後進行檢測) 之殺蟲效果未達藥效檢測結果審查基準，且不具殘效效果，於木板噴灑藥劑後馬上進行檢測，殺蟲效果達藥效檢測結果審查基準。臭蟲躲藏之環境材質表面，如材質較易吸收藥劑 (如木板)，則建議採直接噴灑防治，而毛毯需縮短再次噴灑藥劑間隔時間。　　本研究以鑑識劑量 (濃度) 對環境害蟲進行廣範圍快速抗藥性分析，可快速得知野外品系之環境害蟲對殺蟲劑是否呈現抗藥性，藉以推估防治時適用之殺蟲劑種類及其劑量，確保疫情發生時，可正確挑選所使用的殺蟲劑，以達防治之時效性，同時避免殺蟲劑使用之浪費及環境污染等問題; 研究結果顯示部分環境衛生病媒害蟲對殺蟲劑已有抗藥性，建議暫停使用呈現抗藥性之殺蟲劑，輪替使用不同有效成分之殺蟲劑，並結合物理防治方法 (如填補隙縫、捕蠅紙、捕蚊燈等)，加強平時環境衛生、髒亂整頓及預防措施，以達有效之害蟲綜合管理。

中文關鍵字

環境害蟲、殺蟲劑、生物檢測、抗藥性

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	107至109年建立臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲監測及防治技術計畫 (第三年)-成果報告.pdf	6MB	107 至 109 年建立臺灣環境衛生病媒害蟲監測及防治技術計畫 (第三年)成果報告	2021/2/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	The first step of pest control is the sanitary improvement, but the goal cannot be achieved in a short time. The temporary solution is still to use insecticides for emergency control. This can realize immediate results, but its effectiveness depends on understanding the ecological habits of pests, pest monitoring, insecticide selection, and regular detection of drug resistance. In this way, a correct integrated control method can be planned. This study team completed a survey on the species and densities of pests in Taiwan in 2017, including mosquitoes, cockroaches, flies, moth flies, dust mites, and bedbugs, built test populations, and established the drug-susceptibility data and discriminating dose (diagnostic dose) of the above pest species to ten commonly used insecticide components (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, permethrin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur, fipronil, and imidacloprid) in Taiwan in 2018. In 2019, based on the drug-susceptibility data of various pests established in 2018, the specie strains were used to test the efficacies of commercial insecticides. This study according to the discriminating dose (diagnostic dose) of vector pests established in 2018, efforts were made to carry out a wide range of rapid resistance analysis and cross-resistance research on various vector pest populations (2 species of vector mosquitoes, 2 species of cockroaches, 2 species of flies, and 1 species of moth flies) to those ten commonly used insecticide components (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, permethrin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur, fipronil, and imidacloprid); and established control methods for bedbugs on different materials. The results showed that only the Qianzhen strain of Aedes albopictus exhibits resistance to pirimiphos-methyl. However, five field strains of Aedes aegypti (Daliao, Gushan, Qianzhen, Nanzih, and Sanmin) showed cross-resistance to four pyrethroid drugs (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, permethrin, and deltamethrin), except the Gushan strain may have had resistance to tetramethrin, the Nanzih strain had no resistance to tetramethrin, may have had resistance to permethrin; The five field strains showed cross-resistance to three organophosphorus drugs (chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, and pirimiphos-methyl), except that the Gushan and Nanzih strains had no resistance to fenitrothion, but probably have resistance to pirimiphos-methyl; The five field strains exhibits resistance to carbamate drugs (propoxur); Daliao and Qianzhen strains exhibit resistance to fipronil; Qianzhen and Sanmin strains exhibit resistance to imidacloprid; The results presented that Aedes aegypti showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphorus and other drugs (fipronil, and imidacloprid). Five field strains of Periplaneta americana had no resistance to ten commonly used insecticide components, while only the Qianzhen strain of Blattella germanica showed resistance to Permethrin. Five field strains of Musca domestica (Yuanlin, Erlin, Zhutang, Changhua, and Xihu) showed resistance to ten insecticide components. Five field strains of Musca domestica exhibited cross-resistance to four pyrethroids (Cypermethrin, Tetramethrin, Permethrin, and Deltamethrin) and three organophosphorus drugs (Chlorpyrifos, Fenitrothion, and Pirimiphos-Methyl); also showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphorus, carbamate (Propoxur), and other drugs (Fipronil and Imidacloprid). Five field strains of Chrysomya megacephala showed cross-resistance to three pyrethroid drugs (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, and permethrin), except the Yuanlin strain had no resistance to cypermethrin, the Changhua strain may have had resistance to tetramethrin, and Xihu strain may have had resistance to cypermethrin; Yuanlin and Erlin strains exhibit resistance to chlorpyrifos; Five field strains of Chrysomya megacephala exhibit resistance to imidacloprid; The results presented that Yuanlin and Erlin strains of Chrysomya megacephala showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphorus and other drugs (imidacloprid), and the Zhutang, Changhua, and Xihu strains showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids and other drugs (imidacloprid). Five field strains of Telmatoscopus albipunctatus had no resistance to ten commonly used insecticide components. The study established a method for bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) control, tested the efficacy of emulsion (deltamethrin 2.8% w/w) on four different materials (wood board, tile, plastic pad, and blanket). The insecticidal effect of emulsion on tile and plastic pad (3 hours drying before testing) met the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration, and , and the residual effect time could be up to 14 days; The insecticidal effect of carpets (30 minutes drying before testing) met the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration, and the residual effect time could be up to 7 days; The insecticidal effect on wood board (30 minutes drying before testing) did not reach the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration, and had no residual effect; The insecticidal effect on wood board which was tested immediately after spraying with the emulsion met the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration. As for the materials where bedbugs are hiding, if the surface of materials can easily absorb chemicals (such as wood boards), then direct spraying is recommended for preventing and controlling bedbugs, while blankets need to be sprayed at a shorter time interval. This study carried out a wide range of rapid drug resistance analysis on environmental pests with discriminating dose (diagnostic dose) so as to quickly know whether environmental pests of different field strains are resistant to insecticides, for choosing the types and doses of insecticides applicable for prevention and control, ensure that the pesticides used can be correctly selected in the case of pest outbreak in time, and avoid waste of insecticides and environmental pollution. The results showed that some vector pests are resistant to several kind insecticides. It is suggested that insecticides showing drug resistance should not be used, and that insecticides with different effective ingredients should be used alternately. It is also necessary to adopt physical control methods (such as filling the gap, fly trap paper, mosquito trap lamp, etc.), enhance environmental sanitation, and take mess rectification and preventive measures on a regular basis to achieve effective integrated pest management.
英文關鍵字	environmental pests, insecticides, bioassay, resistance

摘要

The first step of pest control is the sanitary improvement, but the goal cannot be achieved in a short time. The temporary solution is still to use insecticides for emergency control. This can realize immediate results, but its effectiveness depends on understanding the ecological habits of pests, pest monitoring, insecticide selection, and regular detection of drug resistance. In this way, a correct integrated control method can be planned. This study team completed a survey on the species and densities of pests in Taiwan in 2017, including mosquitoes, cockroaches, flies, moth flies, dust mites, and bedbugs, built test populations, and established the drug-susceptibility data and discriminating dose (diagnostic dose) of the above pest species to ten commonly used insecticide components (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, permethrin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur, fipronil, and imidacloprid) in Taiwan in 2018. In 2019, based on the drug-susceptibility data of various pests established in 2018, the specie strains were used to test the efficacies of commercial insecticides. This study according to the discriminating dose (diagnostic dose) of vector pests established in 2018, efforts were made to carry out a wide range of rapid resistance analysis and cross-resistance research on various vector pest populations (2 species of vector mosquitoes, 2 species of cockroaches, 2 species of flies, and 1 species of moth flies) to those ten commonly used insecticide components (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, permethrin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur, fipronil, and imidacloprid); and established control methods for bedbugs on different materials. The results showed that only the Qianzhen strain of Aedes albopictus exhibits resistance to pirimiphos-methyl. However, five field strains of Aedes aegypti (Daliao, Gushan, Qianzhen, Nanzih, and Sanmin) showed cross-resistance to four pyrethroid drugs (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, permethrin, and deltamethrin), except the Gushan strain may have had resistance to tetramethrin, the Nanzih strain had no resistance to tetramethrin, may have had resistance to permethrin; The five field strains showed cross-resistance to three organophosphorus drugs (chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, and pirimiphos-methyl), except that the Gushan and Nanzih strains had no resistance to fenitrothion, but probably have resistance to pirimiphos-methyl; The five field strains exhibits resistance to carbamate drugs (propoxur); Daliao and Qianzhen strains exhibit resistance to fipronil; Qianzhen and Sanmin strains exhibit resistance to imidacloprid; The results presented that Aedes aegypti showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphorus and other drugs (fipronil, and imidacloprid). Five field strains of Periplaneta americana had no resistance to ten commonly used insecticide components, while only the Qianzhen strain of Blattella germanica showed resistance to Permethrin. Five field strains of Musca domestica (Yuanlin, Erlin, Zhutang, Changhua, and Xihu) showed resistance to ten insecticide components. Five field strains of Musca domestica exhibited cross-resistance to four pyrethroids (Cypermethrin, Tetramethrin, Permethrin, and Deltamethrin) and three organophosphorus drugs (Chlorpyrifos, Fenitrothion, and Pirimiphos-Methyl); also showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphorus, carbamate (Propoxur), and other drugs (Fipronil and Imidacloprid). Five field strains of Chrysomya megacephala showed cross-resistance to three pyrethroid drugs (cypermethrin, tetramethrin, and permethrin), except the Yuanlin strain had no resistance to cypermethrin, the Changhua strain may have had resistance to tetramethrin, and Xihu strain may have had resistance to cypermethrin; Yuanlin and Erlin strains exhibit resistance to chlorpyrifos; Five field strains of Chrysomya megacephala exhibit resistance to imidacloprid; The results presented that Yuanlin and Erlin strains of Chrysomya megacephala showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphorus and other drugs (imidacloprid), and the Zhutang, Changhua, and Xihu strains showed multiple resistance to pyrethroids and other drugs (imidacloprid). Five field strains of Telmatoscopus albipunctatus had no resistance to ten commonly used insecticide components. The study established a method for bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) control, tested the efficacy of emulsion (deltamethrin 2.8% w/w) on four different materials (wood board, tile, plastic pad, and blanket). The insecticidal effect of emulsion on tile and plastic pad (3 hours drying before testing) met the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration, and , and the residual effect time could be up to 14 days; The insecticidal effect of carpets (30 minutes drying before testing) met the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration, and the residual effect time could be up to 7 days; The insecticidal effect on wood board (30 minutes drying before testing) did not reach the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration, and had no residual effect; The insecticidal effect on wood board which was tested immediately after spraying with the emulsion met the environmental sanitary drug efficacy test and examination standards of the Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration. As for the materials where bedbugs are hiding, if the surface of materials can easily absorb chemicals (such as wood boards), then direct spraying is recommended for preventing and controlling bedbugs, while blankets need to be sprayed at a shorter time interval. This study carried out a wide range of rapid drug resistance analysis on environmental pests with discriminating dose (diagnostic dose) so as to quickly know whether environmental pests of different field strains are resistant to insecticides, for choosing the types and doses of insecticides applicable for prevention and control, ensure that the pesticides used can be correctly selected in the case of pest outbreak in time, and avoid waste of insecticides and environmental pollution. The results showed that some vector pests are resistant to several kind insecticides. It is suggested that insecticides showing drug resistance should not be used, and that insecticides with different effective ingredients should be used alternately. It is also necessary to adopt physical control methods (such as filling the gap, fly trap paper, mosquito trap lamp, etc.), enhance environmental sanitation, and take mess rectification and preventive measures on a regular basis to achieve effective integrated pest management.

英文關鍵字

environmental pests, insecticides, bioassay, resistance