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高值化回收塑膠廢棄物生產高價值多壁奈米碳管

專案計畫編號	EPA-111-XB04
經費年度	111
計畫經費	1,156 千元
預算科目	補助及獎勵回收清除處理暨再生利用
專案開始日期	2022/01/01
專案結束日期	2022/11/30
專案主持人	吳嘉文
主辦單位	回收基管會
承辦人	林雯妤
執行單位	國立臺灣大學
專案分類	廢棄物管理、資源循環
中文關鍵字	高價值奈米碳管、觸媒催化、塑膠廢棄物
英文關鍵字	plastic wastes, high-valued carbon nanotubes, catalysis
協同主持人
共同主持人
計畫聯絡人	吳嘉文
計畫聯絡電話	02-33663064#
計畫聯絡信箱	kevinwu@ntu.edu.tw

中文摘要	由於塑膠本身具有許多優點如成本低廉和可撓曲等特性，使得人類開始大量生產使用塑膠，但由於塑膠在自然環境中難以被迅速分解，塑膠在垃圾掩埋場中經年累月堆積之下，以及土地空間日益不足，塑膠垃圾的問題逐漸浮現。為有效處理大量的塑膠廢棄物，設計兩階段高溫反應爐，主要分為將廢塑膠汽化的熱裂解階段及長出碳管的催化階段。根據實驗結果，發現在 900°C 催化時，氧化鐵/氧化矽觸媒長出碳管有最佳的品質(ID/IG = 0.64)但其總碳量僅 0.16 克/克塑膠，氧化鐵/氧化鋁觸媒則有最高的總碳量(0.25 克/克塑膠)但碳管品質差(ID/IG = 0.84)。由於氧化鐵/氧化矽觸媒之碳管品質已達商業標準，所以使用此種觸媒進行後續討論以提高生成總碳量。透過改變不同催化溫度，無論使用單一塑膠或混合塑膠，發現當催化溫度為 900°C 時可生成品質最佳之多壁奈米碳管，這是由於 800°C 催化的能量不足以使碳有規則地排列，而 1000°C 的催化溫度造成金屬位點聚集的現象，導致非晶相碳堆積於活性位點上。另外也使用暖暖包鐵粉製成硝酸鐵，並成功地將塑膠廢棄物高值化為多壁奈米碳管，期望提高奈米碳管市場的競爭力，以達成廢棄物再利用之目標。
中文關鍵字	高價值奈米碳管、觸媒催化、塑膠廢棄物

中文摘要

由於塑膠本身具有許多優點如成本低廉和可撓曲等特性，使得人類開始大量生產使用塑膠，但由於塑膠在自然環境中難以被迅速分解，塑膠在垃圾掩埋場中經年累月堆積之下，以及土地空間日益不足，塑膠垃圾的問題逐漸浮現。為有效處理大量的塑膠廢棄物，設計兩階段高溫反應爐，主要分為將廢塑膠汽化的熱裂解階段及長出碳管的催化階段。根據實驗結果，發現在 900°C 催化時，氧化鐵/氧化矽觸媒長出碳管有最佳的品質(ID/IG = 0.64)但其總碳量僅 0.16 克/克塑膠，氧化鐵/氧化鋁觸媒則有最高的總碳量(0.25 克/克塑膠)但碳管品質差(ID/IG = 0.84)。由於氧化鐵/氧化矽觸媒之碳管品質已達商業標準，所以使用此種觸媒進行後續討論以提高生成總碳量。透過改變不同催化溫度，無論使用單一塑膠或混合塑膠，發現當催化溫度為 900°C 時可生成品質最佳之多壁奈米碳管，這是由於 800°C 催化的能量不足以使碳有規則地排列，而 1000°C 的催化溫度造成金屬位點聚集的現象，導致非晶相碳堆積於活性位點上。另外也使用暖暖包鐵粉製成硝酸鐵，並成功地將塑膠廢棄物高值化為多壁奈米碳管，期望提高奈米碳管市場的競爭力，以達成廢棄物再利用之目標。

中文關鍵字

高價值奈米碳管、觸媒催化、塑膠廢棄物

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	EPA-111-XB04_定稿.pdf	1MB		2023/2/17 上午 12:00:00

摘要	Owing to the advantages of intrinsic properties of plastics such as low cost and durability, human beings start to manufacture and utilize them in our daily lives. However, plastics cannot be degraded rapidly in the nature. Due to the accumulation in the landfill and less space to pile up year by year, the problem for landfill needs to be emphasized. In order to treat massive amounts of plastic wastes, we have designed two-staged furnace, which is composed of pyrolysis stage for thermal cracking plastic wastes and catalysis stage for growing carbonnanotubes. According to the results, we find that the best quality of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) (ID/IG = 0.64) but low carbon yield (0.16g/g plastic) are achieved with iron oxide/silica catalyst at catalysis temperature of 900˚C. The highest carbon yield (0.25g/g plastic) but low quality of CNTs (ID/IG = 0.84) are attained with iron oxide/gamma alumina catalyst at the same temperature. We will use iron oxide/silica catalyst for the following discussion to further promote its carbon yield which results from the quality of CNTs can meet commercial demand. By changing different catalysis temperature, no matter which kind of plastic we used, we find that the best quality of multi-walled CNTs were fabricated when catalysis temperature is 900˚C. This is because the energy provided cannot make carbon arranged in a regular fashion when catalysis at 800˚C, whereas metal sites agglomerated at 1000˚C, leading to amorphous carbon accumulated on surface of active sites. Additionally, we also used iron powder in hand warmers to synthesize iron nitrate, and valorizing plastic wastes into multi-walled CNTs successfully. We look forward to improving the competitiveness of market for CNTs to achieve the goal of reusing wastes.
英文關鍵字	plastic wastes, high-valued carbon nanotubes, catalysis

摘要

Owing to the advantages of intrinsic properties of plastics such as low cost and durability, human beings start to manufacture and utilize them in our daily lives. However, plastics cannot be degraded rapidly in the nature. Due to the accumulation in the landfill and less space to pile up year by year, the problem for landfill needs to be emphasized. In order to treat massive amounts of plastic wastes, we have designed two-staged furnace, which is composed of pyrolysis stage for thermal cracking plastic wastes and catalysis stage for growing carbonnanotubes. According to the results, we find that the best quality of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) (ID/IG = 0.64) but low carbon yield (0.16g/g plastic) are achieved with iron oxide/silica catalyst at catalysis temperature of 900˚C. The highest carbon yield (0.25g/g plastic) but low quality of CNTs (ID/IG = 0.84) are attained with iron oxide/gamma alumina catalyst at the same temperature. We will use iron oxide/silica catalyst for the following discussion to further promote its carbon yield which results from the quality of CNTs can meet commercial demand. By changing different catalysis temperature, no matter which kind of plastic we used, we find that the best quality of multi-walled CNTs were fabricated when catalysis temperature is 900˚C. This is because the energy provided cannot make carbon arranged in a regular fashion when catalysis at 800˚C, whereas metal sites agglomerated at 1000˚C, leading to amorphous carbon accumulated on surface of active sites. Additionally, we also used iron powder in hand warmers to synthesize iron nitrate, and valorizing plastic wastes into multi-walled CNTs successfully. We look forward to improving the competitiveness of market for CNTs to achieve the goal of reusing wastes.

英文關鍵字

plastic wastes, high-valued carbon nanotubes, catalysis

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